IRA contribution recharacterization
I mistakenly made a direct contribution to my Roth IRA this year (my salary now exceeds the threshold for direct contributions). Realizing the error, I re-characterized the contributions into a Traditional IRA. Can I now legally shift that contribution back into a Roth IRA using Back Door Roth IRA approach?
Quick Answer:
Yes, you can legally complete this process. This is a standard strategy often referred to as a "Roth conversion" following a recharacterization.
Since you already recharacterized the contribution to a Traditional IRA, the funds are treated as if they were originally contributed to that account. To complete the "Backdoor Roth" process, you simply perform a conversion of those funds from the Traditional IRA back into your Roth IRA.
**Key considerations:**
1. **Taxability:** You will owe taxes on any earnings that accrued between the initial contribution and the final conversion. The original contribution amount is typically non-deductible (after-tax), so that portion is not taxed again upon conversion.
2. **The Pro-Rata Rule:** If you hold other pre-tax funds in **any** Traditional, SEP, or SIMPLE IRA, the IRS requires you to aggregate all accounts to determine the taxable portion of the conversion. You cannot "cherry-pick" only the after-tax dollars to convert tax-free.
3. **Reporting:** You must file **Form 8606** with your tax return to track your non-deductible basis and report the conversion.
There is no longer a waiting period required between a recharacterization and a subsequent conversion.
Note: This answer is provided for convenience only. It is important that you speak to a CPA about your individual tax situation.